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This study analyzed the effectiveness of the social distancing policy among thecountermeasures against the coronavirus(COVID-19). To this end, the study employed theworld's most popular COVID-19 government response index at Oxford University and differenttypes of social distancing policies enforced by the Korean government. Total population andweekly floating population at each municipality were considered as control variables. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 confirmed cases per millions were adopted as a dependent variable. From January 2021 to April 2022 (when the social distancing policy was lifted), we collecteddata from 16 metropolitan cities and provinces across the country, excluding Jeju Island, on aweekly basis. Two types of panel models were considered in this study: one with one-week lagthat accounts for the incubation period of COVID-19 infection and the other without a lag. Asa result, we identified that both models showed a reduction in infection risks when the socialdistancing policy (i.e., a ban on private gathering) was intensified.